This is a variant of a black-letter ballad "The Valiant Virgin, or Philip and Mary," etc., etc. "To the Tune of When the Stormy Winds do blow," [21 stanzas, Roxburge Coll., ii, 546]. In this longer ballad we learn that the lady is a rich gentleman's daughter, well versed in surgery and medicine, and her lover a poor farmer's son, both of Worcestershire. Also that, her father dying whilst Philip and Mary are still at sea, they return to her estate "to marry, to the admiration of all those that were at the wedding," as the title says. Mr. Baker forgot two lines of verse 6, and these have been restored from the old broadside. Verse 4 has also been inserted from the black-letter copy, to explain the story. The older ballad shows signs of having itself been orally transmitted. The tune of "When the stormy winds do blow " was a very favourite ballad-air in the 17th century, and the title was used as a burden to many songs. Chappell, in Popular Music, gives a tune to "You Gentlemen of England," from a black-letter broadside, every verse of which ends "When the stormy winds do blow." The last bars of this tune are much like the last eight bars of the Surrey air here given ; but, for the rest, Chappell's tune has little or no likeness, and is astonishingly weak and monotonous. In English County Songs there is a Gloucestershire " Shepherd's Song," with the burden " When the stormy winds do blow." This, when converted from six-eight into common time, shows a strong likeness to the Surrey tune ; and, like it, is far more vigorous than Chappell's air. Chappell states that " No early copy of the tune is known." Possibly the Surrey and Gloucestershire traditional versions are more like the original favourite air than is the meaningless tune in Popular Music. In any case it is striking to find country labourers at the close of the 19th century singing a variant of a 17th century broadside to a version of its appointed air. As there is a strong likeness between the last eight bars of the song and the chorus of John Davy's famous " Bay of Biscay," it is well to repeat here the history of the latter: The great singer Incledon (1763-1826), whilst still in the Royal Navy, heard some drunken negro sailors shouting a chorus which took his fancy. This he repeated to Davy, who utilised it for his song to which Cherry wrote words. May the negroes not have been singing, "When the stormy winds do blow?